The Truth of Obama Care free essay sample

The Truth of â€Å"Obama Care† American National Government/ POL201 Nicole Emery Instructor: David Williams Obama Care 2 The Truth of â€Å"Obama care† Obama Care is the unofficial name for The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act which was signed into law on March 23, 2010. In a more general sense Obama Care and the Health Care for America Plan or any such name is a reference to the ongoing health care reform under President Obama. (http://obamacarefacts. com/whatis-obamacare. php) The ACA is landmark legislation designed to increase access to health care coverage for millions of Americans. Wizemann,2011) This legislation represents one of the largest and most comprehensive reforms to the American health care system since the enactment of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. The ACA seeks to extend coverage to roughly 50 million uninsured Americans, slowing down the growth in the cost of health care, and improving the quality of care health care by changing the delivery system. We will write a custom essay sample on The Truth of Obama Care or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ( Some people who oppose the Act are concerned that it gives the Federal government too much control over personal health care decisions and benefits, forcing a complex one-size-fits-all health system onto the states. Some people who are in favor of the Act want lower health care costs overall by making it affordable for more people. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 significantly changed health care in the U. S. , making insurance available to 32 million more Americans a total of 95% of the legal population. The Act, is being phased in over four years. By 2014, every citizen will be required to have health insurance, or face a penalty. However, they can choose how to get coverage. If they already have a plan, either through their employers, Medicaid, Medicare, or privately, they can keep it. Those who cant currently get health insurance will have additional options. They can purchase it from a state-based health insurance exchange (and possibly get subsidy) or they may be eligible under expanded Medicare guidelines. Obama Care 3 The program is originally designed to add to the federal budget $930 billion dollars. The act was designed to offset the budget by lowering payments to hospitals, Increasing Medicare taxes on higher income households, assessing penalties on employers who dont offer, and individuals who dont take, health care insurance, assessing taxes on various health related activities, and reducing overhead by consolidating the higher education loan program with the Pell Grant program. Although there has been tremendous opposition before; during and after its becoming law, the Supreme Court ruled it was constitutional that all U. S. citizens must purchase health care insurance from a private carrier, or pay a penalty, is for the right for congress to impose a tax. Even with our house of representatives trying numerous times to repeal the law and still keeps getting over ruled. The opposition has been so great that many Americans think the law has already been repealed. I am sure you are asking yourself what does this mean, when does this come to affect and how does this affect you? Here are the changes that happened in 2010. Medicare beneficiaries who fell into the Medicare Part D Prescription Drug donut hole received a $250 rebate. They received a 50% discount on brand name drugs in 2011 and the doughnut hole are eliminated in 2020. Children were allowed to stay on their parents health insurance until they turn 26. New private plans were required to cover preventive services with no co-payments, and they are exempt from deductibles. Consumers who applied to new plans have access to an external appeals process if coverage is denied. Insurance ompanies were prohibited from dropping coverage if someone got really sick. They couldnt create lifetime coverage limits. They could no longer deny coverage to children with pre-existing conditions. The same will apply to adults in 2014. Until then, adults with pre-existing conditions who have been denied coverage will get access to temporary health insurance coverage until the exchanges is set up. These are the changes that happened in 2011Medicare-covered preventa tive services were Obama Care 4 xempted from deductibles and the co-pay was eliminated. Insurance companies must prove they spent at least 80% of the premium payments on medical services, rather than on things like advertising and executive salaries. Those that didnt were required to provide rebates to policyholders. States were funded to require health insurance companies to submit justification for all rate hikes. Funds were expanded to increase the number of doctors and nurses, and more community health centers enough to double the number of patients they can treat in the next five years. These are future changes to look forward to. Medical expenses must be at least 10% of income before they are deductible for those under 65. Manufacturers and importers of medical devices will pay a 2. 3% excise tax. Federal funds will increase to allow Medicaid to offer free preventive services, and to extend CHIP for an additional two years. The Federal government will fund states to pay primary care physicians 100% of the Medicare fee. Medicare will start a pilot program to encourage hospitals to bundle services before submitting for payment. Additional taxes will be paid by the 1 million people who make more than $200,000 and the 4 million couples filing jointly who make more than $250,000. Specifically, they would pay 3. 8% Medicare taxes on dividends, capital gains, rent and royalties and 2. 35% (up from 1. 45%) Medicare taxes on income. In 2014, the state-run health exchanges will be set up. Medicaid eligibility will be expanded to include those with incomes up to 133% of the Federal poverty line ($29,000 for a family of four). New subsidies will become available for with incomes up to 400% of the poverty level ($88,000 for a family of four). Those who dont purchase insurance will be assessed penalties: 2014 The greater of $95 or 1% of income. 2015 $325 or 2% of income. 2016 – $695 or 2. 5% of income. Businesses with 50+ workers must pay $2,000 per worker (except for the first 20) if they don’t offer health insurance. Those that do receive a tax credit of 50% of the premium cost. (Donmoyer, 2012 ) Obama Care 5 References: Wizemann, Theresa. Health Literacy Implications for Health Care Reform: Workshop Summary. Washington, DC, USA: National Academies Press, 2011. p 5. http://site. ebrary. com/lib/ashford/Doc? id=10488622amp;ppg=19 Copyright  © 2011. National Academies Press. All rights reserved. http://obamacarefacts. com/whatis-obamacare. php The Affordable Care Act Turns Two,Lee Goldberg, Sabiha Zainulbhai, http://www. nasi. org/discuss/2012/03/affordable-care-act-turns-two? gclid=CLOuyv-9vrICFURxQgod3TwALA March 2012 HealthReform. gov, Ryan Donmoyer, New Health Care Taxes, Bloomberg, March 22, 2010) Article

Free Essays on Sir Issac Newpn

Newton was an English physicist and mathematician who was born into a poor-farming family. He was not a good farmer at all. So he was sent to Cambridge to study to become a preacher. He then was influenced by Euclid to study mathematics. That was around the time when he made most of his significant discoveries. With his ignorance he waited to later in life to show the world his calculations. Which he didn’t publish most of his work. Newton suffered a mental breakdown in 1675 and was still recovering in 1679. He continued his calculations of the orbits of the planets. Again, he didn’t publish his calculations. After a while he started devoting his time to theological speculation and put the calculations on elliptical motion aside. Which he lied to Halley telling him he had lost them. Halley who then became interested in orbits, finally had become interested in orbits, then he convinced Newton to expand and publish his calculations. He spent from August 1684 till spring 1686 to this task. After he had published them in result became one of the most important and influential works on physics of all time. In book 1 of Principia, Newton opened with definitions and the tree laws of motion now known as Newton’s Law (laws of inertia, action and reaction, and acceleration proportional to force). Book 2 presented Newton’s new scientific philosophy, which came to replace Cartesianism. Finally, book 3 consisted of applications of his dynamics, including an explanation for tides and a theory of lunar motion. He then made another theory which he sooner confirmed, that when Saturn gets close to Jupiter it slows down cause of the universal gravitational pull. Then Flamsteed wrote back in great surprise that he was right. They then did really close observation to make sure they were right. These rules were stated in the Principia and proposed that (1) we are to admit no more causes of natural things such as are both true and... Free Essays on Sir Issac Newpn Free Essays on Sir Issac Newpn Newton was an English physicist and mathematician who was born into a poor-farming family. He was not a good farmer at all. So he was sent to Cambridge to study to become a preacher. He then was influenced by Euclid to study mathematics. That was around the time when he made most of his significant discoveries. With his ignorance he waited to later in life to show the world his calculations. Which he didn’t publish most of his work. Newton suffered a mental breakdown in 1675 and was still recovering in 1679. He continued his calculations of the orbits of the planets. Again, he didn’t publish his calculations. After a while he started devoting his time to theological speculation and put the calculations on elliptical motion aside. Which he lied to Halley telling him he had lost them. Halley who then became interested in orbits, finally had become interested in orbits, then he convinced Newton to expand and publish his calculations. He spent from August 1684 till spring 1686 to this task. After he had published them in result became one of the most important and influential works on physics of all time. In book 1 of Principia, Newton opened with definitions and the tree laws of motion now known as Newton’s Law (laws of inertia, action and reaction, and acceleration proportional to force). Book 2 presented Newton’s new scientific philosophy, which came to replace Cartesianism. Finally, book 3 consisted of applications of his dynamics, including an explanation for tides and a theory of lunar motion. He then made another theory which he sooner confirmed, that when Saturn gets close to Jupiter it slows down cause of the universal gravitational pull. Then Flamsteed wrote back in great surprise that he was right. They then did really close observation to make sure they were right. These rules were stated in the Principia and proposed that (1) we are to admit no more causes of natural things such as are both true and...

How to Winterize Your Dormant Trees

How to Winterize Your Dormant Trees Trees in fall are in a state of serious change and reorganization. The tree is becoming dormant. A tree heading toward winter will sense the changing temperature and light and obey the dormancy controls built into the leaf. The mechanisms, called senescence, is what tells a tree to close down for coming winter. Tree Activity in Winter Trees may look inactive going into winter but the fact is they continue to regulate their metabolism and only slow down some physiological activities. This decrease in photosynthesis and transpiration begins a trees dormant phase. Trees still continue to slowly grow roots, respire and take in water and nutrients. Winter is a difficult time for a tree. A dormant tree still needs to be protected (winterized) to remain healthy and free from diseases and insects. The bad news is  winter weather encourages destructive pests to snuggle in and wait for spring to revive their destructive lifecycles. Small investments in properly caring for your trees can pay off big come spring. Pruning Prune dead, diseased and overlapping branches in late fall. This will form and strengthen the tree, encourages new strong growth in the spring, minimizes future storm damage and protects against overwintering disease and insects. Remember that dormant pruning has another benefit - it is easier to do during winter dormancy than in spring. Correct structurally weak branches and limbs. Remove all deadwood that is clearly visible. Properly prune branches that can touch the ground when loaded with rain and snow. Foliage and branches that are in contact with soil invite undesirable pests and other problems. Remove damaged and declining twigs, branches, and bark or any new sprouts that have grown at the tree base, or along stems and branches. Mulch and Aerate Young trees are especially vulnerable to fluctuations in temperature and moisture and need mulching protection. Mulch is good insurance that both conditions will be evenly managed during cold and drought. Mulching is a good practice for both dormant and full-growing, vegetative trees. Spread a thin layer of composted organic mulch to cover the soil several inches deep. Cover an area at least as large as the branch spread. In addition to protecting feeder roots, mulch also recycles nutrients directly to these roots. Aerate soils and compacted mulch if they are waterlogged or poorly drained. Saturated and dense soil can suffocate roots. It is critical not to damage tree roots in the soil as you do this, so work only on those few inches at the surface crust. so work only on those few inches at the surface crust. Fertilize and Water Fertilize by top dressing over the mulch with a balanced fertilizer if the essential elements are in short supply within the soil. Be sure to use nitrogen lightly, especially under large, mature trees and around newly planted trees. You do not want a vegetative flush of growth during late fall periods of warming. Large applications of nitrogen cause this growth. Dry spells in winter or hot daytime temperatures will desiccate a tree very quickly. Watering may be needed where soils are cool but not frozen, and there has been little precipitation. Winter droughts need treatment with water the same as summer droughts, except it is much easier to over-water in winter. Dormant Spray A dormant spray may be a good idea for deciduous trees, ornamentals, fruit trees, and shrubs. But remember not to spray until after you prune. Obviously, you will lose much of your effort and expense if you cut off treated limbs. Choice of chemicals is important. Dormant sprays include lime, copper and sulfur combinations to kill overwintering microorganisms. Dormant oil controls insects and their eggs. You just may need several types of sprays and oils to be effective. Avoid spraying any of this material in the hot sun as it can damage dormant buds. Get specific chemical recommendations from your local county extension agent.

To what extent do electronic cimmerce influence the lifestyle of Research Paper

To what extent do electronic cimmerce influence the lifestyle of lancaster people - Research Paper Example People who utilise e-commerce are influenced by many factors that drive desire to use the Internet or other mobile technologies. These include free delivery of product, the ability of the seller to ensure accuracy of order fulfilment and exchange and return opportunities. Research has also shown that there is even more incentive when sellers reduce potential risks, such as privacy and payment security (Makhija and Stewart 2002). These factors tend to influence increased use of e-commerce as a lifestyle tool. However, there is a gap in literature about, specifically, Lancaster residents and whether e-commerce influences their lifestyles and is deemed a relevant and valuable method of shopping or conducting other business. This study maintains the ability to gain an understanding of a specific geographic region and the extent to which e-commerce is considered a constructive and beneficial tool. According to Price (2014), e-commerce is becoming a widespread trend in consumer shopping, with buyers spending 23 percent of every British Pound spent on shopping in the e-commerce environment. What attributes to this growing trend for an industry now worth  £17 billion? Asfend-e-yar and Tjoa (2013) assert that social familiarity with computer science improves acquaintance with online shopping, making the industry flourish. Furthermore, online shopping maintains fewer costs to the purchaser, including labour expenditures and economics. This is due to the fact that e-commerce sellers have much less overhead costs than in a traditional bricks-and-mortar retail outlet (Lamson-Hall 2013). This has implications on whether a company can provide attractive pricing, facilitated by a more streamlined distribution system allowing for more price-conscious movement of inventories that translates into a better opportunity for buyers. Hence, e-commerce can facilitate more convenient and simpli stic shopping experiences than in traditional bricks-and-mortar retail outlets. There

Ethical Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical - Case Study Example Ethical dilemmas often result from matters of law, health science field and stands of different individuals and organizations on issues related to human morals. The church, especially the Catholic has created a great deal of controversies on condom use as one way of limiting down the spread of HIV/Aids pandemic. This has not been taken well by the greater world community. A dilemma faced by the elderly and the sick individuals in the society is a choice to lead a fruitful life free from negligence. This does not spare the healthy individuals who find themselves at cross-roads when one of their loved ones falls sick or ages. There is a conflict between the code of ethics depicted by workers concerning a patient’s privacy and the issue of solving the problem they are facing (Kathleen & James, 2007). The reporting of the case concerning Mr Bert to the administration violated the code of confidentiality. She ended up breaking Steven’s confidence in her as well as giving out information on the patient. The workers in health facilities have codes to observe in the line of their

Essay --

) Ventilation is an important aspect of any building or dwelling. It provides its inhabitants with clean, fresh air whilst also reducing the risk of mould or fungal growth due to excessive condensation and other air pollutants. 2.2) Many people in Ireland today still rely solely on natural/purge ventilation (i.e. windows, doors etc.) However, with this need for constant ventilation comes an adverse risk of unnecessary, and often costly, heat loss. With reference to: Technical Guide Document Part F – Ventilation (2009), which states â€Å"the opening of a window in a habitable room for purge ventilation may also be relied on for extract ventilation†. Installing permanent ventilation devices in each habitable room and also ‘wet’ rooms (i.e. bathroom, utility room) will ensure any undesirable draughts or excessive air movements will be kept to a minimum thus reducing any unnecessary heat loss. 2.3) In recent years a range of mechanical ventilation systems with heat recovery (MVHR) have entered the Irish market. These systems are designed to recover up to 95% of the heat normally lost through open windows, standard vents and other break-out points (i.e. extractor fans) in a building structure. Fresh air is continuously drawn into the home via a low energy heat recovery ventilation unit, located in the attic/utility area of the home. Once passed through a heat exchanger within the ventilation system, the warm, clean, filtered air is distributed around the home through a series of ducts which are run to each habitable room (i.e. bedrooms, living room). In addition to this the air from wet rooms, such as bathrooms and utility areas, is continuously extracted and filtered back through the heat recovery ventilation unit. The heat from the ext... ...efficient within the home even further (Rain water recovery systems discussed in section 1.4 etc.). I feel that if these documents were updated more often to accommodate the introduction of new technologies that they would perhaps be more accurate and thus provide a better guideline for homeowners. â€Æ' Introduction: In this assignment I will discuss the role the Technical Guide Documents effect the use of energy within the home. I examine how new technologies in the construction sector can play a significant role in increasing the efficiency of energy use throughout the home. I look at the application of these technologies, such as: (rain water recovery systems, mechanical ventilation systems with heat recovery and triple glazed, low-e windows). I also suggest possible shortcomings in the Technical Guide Documents and possible areas in which they could be amended. â€Æ'

General Ethical Perspectives Essay

Leadership is usually effective when leaders are motivated. Self drive is important to attain good leadership. Motivation for leaders is usually cultivated by the getting concerned with others. Leadership is further built by the development of ethical prospects such that there is a clear guideline on what leaders are required to do and what they can omit. Leadership personalities differ from person to person and high moral standards are required for effective leadership. Nevertheless whatever is moral in some communities may be immoral in another culture. For a leaders to fit in different cultures they must be culturally diversified in their leadership techniques. Ethical leadership is developed depending on an organizational culture. Different cultures are developed differently for different organizations. There are institutions that promote then culture of morality while others may develop a culture of corruption. There are no definite universal codes of ethics designed for particular organizations or associations. However, there are well developed general ethical leadership theories used for the purpose of encouraging unique leadership techniques and moral stability for leaders. This essay discuses general ethical theories or approaches used on the selection of moral choices. A variety of general ethical perspectives such utilitarianism, Kant’s Categorical Imperative, Justice as Fairness, Communitarianism, Altruism, Ethical Pluralism are discussed. Utilitarian ethical perspective is a theory based on motive of promoting the well being of the majority of people within a community. According to utilitarianism theory, ethical choices are depended on their repercussion. In this case, most leaders explore possible outcomes to their deeds when they make decisions. Utilitarianism advocates for decisions whose profits outweigh its demerits. These benefits are expected to meet more needs for the majority. In other words, utilitarianism seeks to extend greater good to most people. Many leaders approach situations from a perspective of utilitarian approach in making critical leadership decisions. In some situations one evil may seem a solution and a source of satisfaction of majority of the community. For instance, lying may protect someone’s dignity. Although the lie may protect one leader’s dignity, lies are considered unethical and destructive than constructive. A good example of such leadership is the case of president Truman of U. S, who decided to end the war in pacific by dropping atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This was an ethical decision towards the safety and security of Americans. However, it was at the expense of thousand of lives of Japanese. The war stopped, but the world wondered why the president thought that atomic bombs were the only solution to ending the war. Another outcome was a consistent exploration of atomic bombs and on ground nuclear power test which resulted in numerous cancer cases on humanity. This is because the public was not aware of the effect on nuclear radiations effect and the leaders did not enlighten them in safety measures. This ethical decision was reached at when the president of America found it more beneficial to safeguard the lives of American than it would cost him in dropping the bombs. He pleased his people by securing them from the war. In contrast, Kant’s categorical imperative philosophy advocates that we must do the right thing regardless of its underlying costs and benefits. Leaders are encouraged to follow the rules of morality; that we may not need to tell a lie or kill one person for the sake of saving many. Kant uses deontological ethics in which he applies moral reasoning. For instance, he says that if we want to make choices in an important issue it is important to reason first and validate our decision. We should be able to take a decision only if the rest of our society would also pick on the same. In other words, if one is guilty, then they are taking the wrong decision. According to Kant, it is always right to tell the truth no matter the cost but cheating is always wrong. Several wrong can not make a right just as several lies will never make a truth. Although most leaders use the led as a means to an end, they should learn that humans ought to be treated as the end itself. It is undisputable that humans can be used for the success of others, but they should be respected and supported moral in capacity building. The society need to be encouraged and empowered in decision making as well as being protected against harm. In this context it is not right for production firms to pollute the environment without the necessary public safety awareness and protection. According to this philosophy one should be ready to help the needy, since the failure to help them is incapacitating them. They need to be encouraged to work and persist in doing right against wrong. Justice as fairness is philosophy that encourages equality of opportunities and rights to all, which works against ignorance. John Rawls researched on justice as fairness and documented some of his articles. In his research, he realized that utilitarian principles would not be applicable in society. According to him, when the largest benefit to the society is delivered there would be some marginalized groups within the members of the society. Some individuals may never be advantaged at any one point. He therefore encouraged the formation of corporations within the society which would comprise of free, democratic and equal citizen. He believed that this category of people would always strive to alleviate any inequalities among them. They would always try to promote their limited and varied talents and capabilities. For instance, he pointed out that if a national leadership decides to withdraw corporate taxes, the beneficiary is the firm owner and not the free citizens. In the light of utilitarian principles, generally national economy would grow but citizens must cover for the lost corporate taxes thus thy end up being disadvantaged. Rawls advocates for equality of rights to access basic liberties thus emphasizing similarity of liberties across the society. He further insists that economic and social inequality should be aimed at the satisfaction of conditions of fairness in equality of opportunity availability to all and development of great advantages to the less privileged in the society. According to him, discrimination of whatever kind; gender or race, poor, immigrants, disabled or marginalized, need to be alleviated. It is clear that inequality exists naturally, but leadership needs to focus on the elimination of the differences. The disadvantaged must be uplifted, empowered and directed towards personal development which has an overall effect of their well being and overall development of the national economy at large. Equality must be sought in opportunity availability, liberty provision, and care for the disadvantaged. Communitarianism is a philosophy of the 20th century in which individualism was shunned, and communal activity and ownership embraced. These involve the redefinition of individual rights, citizenship relationship with civil responsibility and improvement of public security, safety and health. Redefinition of legal right to the traffic rules and regulation ensure safety for more road users in within the communitarian society. Civic rights communitarians’ society means taking part in civic responsibility like serving the jury. Communitarianism involves the promotion of community health through the provision of necessary team cooperation, participation, community maintenance, affirmation, and diversification of amenities to serve that community. Collaborative leadership is encouraged in the communitarian. This encourages problem solving based on the collaborative leadership representation in which leaders from diverse categories take part in the solution of civic problems. Altruistic leadership approach emphasizes on leadership principle promoting high moral values some of which are developed from Christianity and Judaism. This kind of leadership acknowledges hospitality, generosity, empathy, concern for others as well as compassion, in with leadership should promote love for God and for humanity. This kind of leadership is the driving force in many social organizations. Volunteer work, good turn and spirit of giving to the poor and less privileged is advocated for. Through altruism, leaders are bound to experience more risks on behalf of the led. Ethical pluralism is whereby all several ethical theories of leadership are merged and practiced concurrently. The mixture of the five approaches of ethics is very important in the solution of particular ethical problems and making decisions that would otherwise not be made by use of a single approach. In general leadership is developed by a combination of various leadership principles and personalities. Different Ethical leadership perspectives are used by different leaders to lead the society. Deferent leadership decisions are based on different ethical perspectives. Reference Johnson, C. E. (2004). Meeting The Ethical Challenges of Leadership: Casting Light Or Shadow. 3rd Edition. California: Sage publications.